{"id":57,"date":"2012-08-23T17:08:02","date_gmt":"2012-08-23T17:08:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/camerapedia.ro\/?p=57"},"modified":"2012-08-23T17:08:02","modified_gmt":"2012-08-23T17:08:02","slug":"filmul-de-35mm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/juverdeanu.ro\/blog\/filmul-de-35mm","title":{"rendered":"Filmul de 35mm"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Filmul de 35mm a fost produs la scal\u0103 experimental\u0103 \u00een laboratorul lui Thomas A. Edison din New Jersey, prin \u00eemp\u0103r\u021birea rolei de 75mm. Edison \u0219i-a compilat notele despre filmul cinematografic dublu perforat \u00een toamna anului 1989, descriindu-l ca pe o band\u0103 lung\u0103, perforat\u0103 de dou\u0103 ori, care trecea de pe o rol\u0103 pe alta condus\u0103 de dou\u0103 ro\u021bi cu pinioane. Filmul a fost ob\u021binut de la Eastman Dry Plate and film Company, \u00een Rochester, New York. Totu\u0219i, au durat c\u00e2\u021biva ani pentru ca acesta s\u0103 devin\u0103 un produs important al Kodak.<\/p>\n<p>Filmul cinematografic era ieftin \u0219i p\u0103r\u021bile nefolosite aveau s\u0103 devin\u0103 valabile pentru utilizare \u00een camere mici, care erau mult mai portabile dec\u00e2t cele pentru comune pentru formate largi. Emulsia filmului cinematografic avea la \u00eenceput o structur\u0103 mai aspr\u0103 \u0219i o vitez\u0103 mic\u0103, dar cum studiourile \u00eencepuser\u0103 s\u0103 filmeze \u00een interior, era nevoie de emulsii\u00a0 mai rapide. Ironic vorbind, acestea nu erau tocmai adecvate pentru aparatele de fotografiat de 35mm care urmau s\u0103 devin\u0103 valabile pentru consumatorii de r\u00e2nd. Totu\u0219i, primul design a fost patentat \u00een 1908, \u0219i este cunoscut faptul c\u0103 primul aparat de 35mm a fost cel din 1913, numit Tourist Multiple. Era folosit \u0219i pentru film\u0103ri, dar \u0219i pentru fotografie, iar succesorul s\u0103u, Simplex, a adus posibilitatea select\u0103rii formatului pentru cadru \u00eentreg \u0219i jum\u0103tate de cadru.Oskar Barnack \u0219i-a construit propriul prototip numit Ur-Leica, \u00een 1913 \u0219i l-a patentat, dar Ernst Leitz a decis s\u0103-l produc\u0103 abia \u00een 1924.<\/p>\n<p>Formatul standard 135 care folosea film perforat de 35mm \u00een casete pentru camere fixe a avut o dimensiune a cadrului de 24x36mm, de dou\u0103 ori dec\u00e2t cea a cadrelor cinematografice. Casetele aveau film pentru 12, 24 sau 36 de cadre. Formarul 135 a devenit, de departe, cel mai folosit film fotografic p\u00e2n\u0103 la inventarea camerei digitale.<\/p>\n<p>La \u00eenceput, filmul cinematografic era cump\u0103rat \u00een mas\u0103 \u0219i era introdus \u00een aparate prin camera \u00eentunecat\u0103. Ulterior, Leitz a creat caseta de film \u00een care se putea \u00eenc\u0103rca 1.6 m de film \u00een camera \u00eentunecat\u0103 \u0219i care, la r\u00e2ndul ei, se putea pune \u00een aparat chiar la lumina zilei. C\u00e2\u021biva distribuitori au \u00eenceput s\u0103 monteze filmul \u00een casete, pentru ca utilizatorul de r\u00e2nd s\u0103 se ocupe doar de introducerea acesteaia \u00een aparat. \u00cen anii 1930, produc\u0103torii de filme au \u00eenceput s\u0103 v\u00e2nd\u0103 filmele \u00een casete de unic\u0103 folosin\u021b\u0103, iar \u00een 1936, Kodak a creat un nou standard prin introducerea filmului Kodachrome de 35mm \u00een casete pentru camerele lor de tip Retina.<\/p>\n<p>Au existat \u0219i alte montaje pentru \u00eenc\u0103rcarea filmului pe timpul zilei, dar multe dintre acestea erau \u00een formate minoritare \u00een compara\u021bie cu 135. Cel mai de de succes era sistemul Agfa Karat, creat pentru camerele Agfa Karat \u00een 1936 \u0219i produs p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1963. \u00cen 1964, Agfa a adus pe pia\u021ba un sistem de tip cartu\u0219 pentru 35mm, numit Rapid, pentru a concura cu cartu\u0219ul 126. Ultimul competitor a fost APS care ar fi avut mai mult succes dac\u0103 n-ar fi intrat \u00een epoca digital\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Fotograful modest \u00eenc\u0103 mai poate cump\u0103ra filme de 35mm de lungime mare, pe care le pot introduce \u00een propriile casete re\u00eenc\u0103rcabile. Acestea sunt umplute cu film printr-o cr\u0103p\u0103tur\u0103 . Filmul este apoi t\u0103iat, iar toate aceasetea se pot face \u00een timpul zilei prin intermediul unor \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103toare numite \u201e\u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103toare diurne\u201d.<a href=\"http:\/\/camerapedia.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/35mm-film1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-58\" title=\"35mm-film[1]\" src=\"http:\/\/camerapedia.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/35mm-film1-300x182.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"182\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Filmul de 35mm a fost produs la scal\u0103 experimental\u0103 \u00een laboratorul lui Thomas A. Edison din New Jersey, prin \u00eemp\u0103r\u021birea rolei de 75mm. Edison \u0219i-a compilat notele despre filmul cinematografic dublu perforat \u00een toamna anului 1989, descriindu-l ca pe o band\u0103 lung\u0103, perforat\u0103 de dou\u0103 ori, care trecea de pe o rol\u0103 pe alta condus\u0103&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/juverdeanu.ro\/blog\/filmul-de-35mm\">Continu\u0103 lectura <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Filmul de 35mm<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2093],"tags":[2137,2110,1955,2138,1497,2139,2140,2141,2142,2097],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Filmul de 35mm - Camerapedia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Filmul de 35mm a fost produs la scal\u0103 experimental\u0103 \u00een laboratorul lui Thomas A. 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